Sage Interactions - Miscellaneous

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Hearing a trigonometric identity

by Marshall Hampton. When the two frequencies are well seperated, we hear the right hand side of the identity. When they start getting close, we hear the higher-pitched factor in the left-hand side modulated by the lower-pitched envelope.

import wave

class SoundFile:
   def  __init__(self, signal,lab=''):
       self.file = wave.open('./test' + lab + '.wav', 'wb')
       self.signal = signal
       self.sr = 44100

   def write(self):
       self.file.setparams((1, 2, self.sr, 44100*4, 'NONE', 'noncompressed'))
       self.file.writeframes(self.signal)
       self.file.close()

mypi = float(pi)
from math import sin

@interact
def sinsound(freq_ratio =  slider(0,1,1/144,1/12)):
    hz1 = 440.0
    hz2 = float(440.0*2^freq_ratio)
    html('$\cos(\omega t) - \cos(\omega_0 t) = 2 \sin(\\frac{\omega + \omega_0}{2}t) \sin(\\frac{\omega - \omega_0}{2}t)$')
    s2 = [sin(hz1*x*mypi*2)+sin(hz2*x*mypi*2) for x in srange(0,4,1/44100.0)]
    s2m = max(s2)
    s2f = [16384*x/s2m for x in s2]
    s2str = ''.join(wave.struct.pack('h',x) for x in s2f)
    lab="%1.2f"%float(freq_ratio)
    f = SoundFile(s2str,lab=lab)
    f.write()
    pnum = 1500+int(500/freq_ratio)
    show(list_plot(s2[0:pnum],plotjoined=True))
    html('<embed src="https:./test'+ lab +'.wav" width="200" height="100"></embed>')
    html('Frequencies: '+ '$\omega_0 = ' + str(hz1) + ' $, $\omega = '+latex(hz2) + '$')

Karplus-Strong algorithm for plucked and percussive sound generation

by Marshall Hampton

import wave

class SoundFile:
   def  __init__(self, signal,lab=''):
       self.file = wave.open('./test' + lab + '.wav', 'wb')
       self.signal = signal
       self.sr = 44100

   def write(self):
       self.file.setparams((1, 2, self.sr, 44100*4, 'NONE', 'noncompressed'))
       self.file.writeframes(self.signal)
       self.file.close()

mypi = float(pi)
from math import sin

def ks(delay,length,blend = 0,filler=None,stretch=0):
    if filler == None:
        filler = [randint(-16383,16383) for q in range(delay+1)]
    outsig = filler[:]
    index = len(filler)
    while len(outsig) < length:
        s = random()
        if s > stretch:
            b = random()
            if b < 1-blend:
                newvalue = (outsig[index-delay]+outsig[index-delay-1])*.5
            else:
                newvalue = -(outsig[index-delay]+outsig[index-delay-1])*.5
        else:
            newvalue = outsig[index-delay]
        outsig.append(newvalue)
        index += 1
    return [int(round(x)) for x in outsig]

@interact
def sinsound(delay = slider([int(2^i) for i in range(2,10)], default=100, label="initial delay"), blend=slider(srange(0,1,.01,include_endpoint=True),default=0,label="blend factor"), stretch=slider(srange(0,1,.01,include_endpoint=True),default=0,label="stretch factor")):
    s2f = ks(delay,int(44100*(1/2)),blend=blend,stretch=stretch)
    for i in range(12):
        s2f = s2f + ks(int(2^((12+i)/12.0)*delay),int(44100*(1/2)),blend=blend, stretch=stretch)
    html("Karplus-Strong algorithm with blending and delay stretching")
    html("<br>K. Karplus and A. Strong, <em>Digital synthesis of plucked string and drum timbres</em>, \nComputer Music Journal 7 (2) (1983), 43–55.<br>")
    html("Initial waveform:")
    show(list_plot(s2f[0:2000],plotjoined=True), figsize = [7,3.5])
    html("Waveform after stabilization:")
    show(list_plot(s2f[20000:22000],plotjoined=True), figsize = [7,3.5])
    s2str = ''.join(wave.struct.pack('h',x) for x in s2f)
    lab=""
    f = SoundFile(s2str,lab=lab)
    f.write()
    html('<embed src="https:./test'+ lab +'.wav" width="200" height="100"></embed>')

An Interactive Venn Diagram

def f(s, braces=True): 
    t = ', '.join(sorted(list(s)))
    if braces: return '{' + t + '}'
    return t
def g(s): return set(str(s).replace(',',' ').split())

@interact
def _(X='1,2,3,a', Y='2,a,3,4,apple', Z='a,b,10,apple'):
    S = [g(X), g(Y), g(Z)]
    X,Y,Z = S
    XY = X & Y
    XZ = X & Z
    YZ = Y & Z
    XYZ = XY & Z
    html('<center>')
    html("$X \cap Y$ = %s"%f(XY))
    html("$X \cap Z$ = %s"%f(XZ))
    html("$Y \cap Z$ = %s"%f(YZ))
    html("$X \cap Y \cap Z$ = %s"%f(XYZ))
    html('</center>')
    centers = [(cos(n*2*pi/3), sin(n*2*pi/3)) for n in [0,1,2]]
    scale = 1.7
    clr = ['yellow', 'blue', 'green']
    G = Graphics()
    for i in range(len(S)):
        G += circle(centers[i], scale, rgbcolor=clr[i], 
             fill=True, alpha=0.3)
    for i in range(len(S)):
        G += circle(centers[i], scale, rgbcolor='black')

    # Plot what is in one but neither other
    for i in range(len(S)):
        Z = set(S[i])
        for j in range(1,len(S)):
            Z = Z.difference(S[(i+j)%3])
        G += text(f(Z,braces=False), (1.5*centers[i][0],1.7*centers[i][1]), rgbcolor='black')


    # Plot pairs of intersections
    for i in range(len(S)):
        Z = (set(S[i]) & S[(i+1)%3]) - set(XYZ)
        C = (1.3*cos(i*2*pi/3 + pi/3), 1.3*sin(i*2*pi/3 + pi/3))
        G += text(f(Z,braces=False), C, rgbcolor='black')

    # Plot intersection of all three
    G += text(f(XYZ,braces=False), (0,0), rgbcolor='black')

    # Show it
    G.show(aspect_ratio=1, axes=False)

Unreadable code

by Igor Tolkov

@interact
def _(h=(20,(1,36,1))):
    print (lambda f:f(0,f))(
        lambda n,f:'%s\n%s'%(
            ('*'*(2*n+1)).join([' '*(h-n-1)]*2),
            ((n<h-1 and f(n+1,f)) or '')
        )
    )

Profile a snippet of code

html('<h2>Profile the given input</h2>')
import cProfile; import profile
@interact
def _(cmd = ("Statement", '2 + 2'), 
      do_preparse=("Preparse?", True), cprof =("cProfile?", False)):
    if do_preparse: cmd = preparse(cmd)
    print "<html>"  # trick to avoid word wrap
    if cprof:
        cProfile.run(cmd)
    else:
        profile.run(cmd)
    print "</html>"

Evaluate a bit of code in a given system

by William Stein (there is no way yet to make the text box big):

@interact
def _(system=selector([('sage0', 'Sage'), ('gp', 'PARI'), ('magma', 'Magma')]), code='2+2'):
    print globals()[system].eval(code)

Minkowski Sum

by Marshall Hampton

def minkdemo(list1,list2):
    '''
    Returns the Minkowski sum of two lists.
    '''
    output = []
    for stuff1 in list1:
        for stuff2 in list2:
            temp = [stuff1[i] + stuff2[i] for i in range(len(stuff1))]
            output.append(temp)
    return output
@interact
def minksumvis(x1tri = slider(-1,1,1/10,0, label = 'Triangle point x coord.'), yb = slider(1,4,1/10,2, label = 'Blue point y coord.')):
    t_list = [[1,0],[x1tri,1],[0,0]]
    kite_list = [[3, 0], [1, 0], [0, 1], [1, yb]]
    triangle = polygon([[q[0]-6,q[1]] for q in t_list], alpha = .5, rgbcolor = (1,0,0))
    t_vert = point([x1tri-6,1], rgbcolor = (1,0,0))
    b_vert = point([kite_list[3][0]-4,yb], rgbcolor = (0,0,1))
    kite = polygon([[q[0]-4,q[1]] for q in kite_list], alpha = .5,rgbcolor = (0,0,1))
    p12 = minkdemo(t_list, kite_list)
    p12 = [[q[0],q[1]] for q in p12]
    p12poly = Polyhedron(p12)
    edge_lines = Graphics()
    verts = p12poly.vertices()
    for an_edge in p12poly.vertex_adjacencies():
        edge_lines += line([verts[an_edge[0]], verts[an_edge[1][0]]])
        edge_lines += line([verts[an_edge[0]], verts[an_edge[1][1]]])
    triangle_sum = Graphics()
    for vert in kite_list:
        temp_list = []
        for q in t_list:
            temp_list.append([q[i] + vert[i] for i in range(len(t_list[0]))])
        triangle_sum += polygon(temp_list, alpha = .5, rgbcolor = (1,0,0))
    kite_sum = Graphics()
    for vert in t_list:
        temp_list = []
        for q in kite_list:
            temp_list.append([q[i] + vert[i] for i in range(len(t_list[0]))])
        kite_sum += polygon(temp_list, alpha = .3,rgbcolor = (0,0,1))
    labels = text('+', (-4.3,.5), rgbcolor = (0,0,0))
    labels += text('=', (-.2,.5), rgbcolor = (0,0,0))
    show(labels + t_vert + b_vert+ triangle + kite + triangle_sum + kite_sum + edge_lines, axes=False, figsize = [11.0*.7, 4*.7], xmin = -6, ymin = 0, ymax = 4)

Cellular Automata

by Pablo Angulo, Eviatar Bach

%python

from numpy import zeros
from random import randint

def cellular(rule, N, initial='Single-cell'):
    '''Yields a matrix showing the evolution of a Wolfram's cellular automaton
    
    rule:     determines how a cell's value is updated, depending on its neighbors
    N:        number of iterations
    initial:  starting condition; can be either single-cell or a random binary row
    '''
    M=zeros( (N,2*N+2), dtype=int)
    if initial=='Single-cell':
        M[0,N]=1
    else:
        M[0]=[randint(0,1) for a in range(0,2*N+2)]
    
    for j in range(1,N):
        for k in range(0,2*N):
            l = 4*M[j-1,k-1] + 2*M[j-1,k] + M[j-1,k+1]
            M[j,k]=rule[ l ]
    return M[:,:-1]
    
def num2rule(number):
    if not 0 <= number <= 255:
        raise Exception('Invalid rule number')
    binary_digits = number.digits(base=2)
    return binary_digits + [0]*(8-len(binary_digits))

Put in separate cell:

@interact
def _( initial=selector(['Single-cell', 'Random'], label='Starting condition'), N=input_box(label='Number of iterations',default=100),
       rule_number=input_box(label='Rule number',default=110),
       size = slider(1, 11, label= 'Size', step_size=1, default=6 ), auto_update=False):
    rule = num2rule(rule_number)
    M = cellular(rule, N, initial)
    plot_M = matrix_plot(M, cmap='binary')
    plot_M.show( figsize=[size,size])